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Revealing the "Power Heart" of Trucks: Things About Turbochargers
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Update time : 2025-07-25 16:26:44
I. Working Principle
Exhaust gas drives the turbine to rotate, which in turn drives the impeller to compress air into the cylinder, enabling more sufficient fuel combustion and improving engine power and torque.
II. Core Composition
- Turbine: Including turbine housing and turbine impeller, converting exhaust gas energy into mechanical energy.
- Compressor: Composed of compressor housing and compressor impeller, responsible for compressing air.
- Intermediate body: Connecting the two, with a built-in bearing system and lubrication/cooling channels to support high-speed rotation of the rotor.
III. Key Functions
- Power enhancement: Improving power and torque without increasing engine displacement, meeting needs such as heavy load and high-speed driving.
- Better economy: Sufficient fuel combustion reduces fuel consumption under the same power output.
- Emission reduction: Enhancing combustion efficiency to reduce harmful gas emissions, complying with environmental standards.
IV. Common Faults and Causes
- Turbo lag: Delayed power output, mostly due to mismatched turbine and engine or insufficient exhaust gas energy.
- Oil leakage: May be caused by aging seals, blocked oil return pipes or poor lubrication.
- Abnormal noise: Such as whistling or metal friction sounds, possibly due to damaged impellers, worn bearings or foreign objects entering the turbine chamber.
V. Maintenance Points
- Regular oil change: Use qualified oil to ensure lubrication and prevent bearing wear.
- Avoid frequent rapid acceleration/deceleration: Reduce turbine impact and wear to extend service life.
- Idle for a while after starting: Let oil fully lubricate before driving.
- Idle to cool down before shutting down: Prevent oil coking and blocking oil circuits due to sudden turbine stop at high temperature.
- Regular pipeline inspection: Ensure no air leakage or blockage in intake and exhaust pipes for smooth airflow.
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